What is Monkeypox?

Monkeypox is a rare disease caused by infection with the monkeypox virus. Monkeypox virus is part of the same family of viruses as variola virus, the virus that causes smallpox. Monkeypox symptoms are similar to smallpox symptoms, but milder, and monkeypox is rarely fatal. Monkeypox is not related to chickenpox.

Monkeypox was discovered in 1958 when two outbreaks of a pox-like disease occurred in colonies of monkeys kept for research. Despite being named “monkeypox,” the source of the disease remains unknown. However, African rodents and non-human primates (like monkeys) might harbor the virus and infect people.

The first human case of monkeypox was recorded in 1970. Prior to the 2022 outbreak, monkeypox had been reported in people in several central and western African countries. Previously, almost all monkeypox cases in people outside of Africa ___I___ to international travel to countries where the disease commonly occurs or through imported animals. These cases occurred on multiple continents.

(Adapted from https://www.cdc.gov)

What is Monkeypox?

Monkeypox is a rare disease caused by infection with the monkeypox virus. Monkeypox virus is part of the same family of viruses as variola virus, the virus that causes smallpox. Monkeypox symptoms are similar to smallpox symptoms, but milder, and monkeypox is rarely fatal. Monkeypox is not related to chickenpox.

Monkeypox was discovered in 1958 when two outbreaks of a pox-like disease occurred in colonies of monkeys kept for research. Despite being named “monkeypox,” the source of the disease remains unknown. However, African rodents and non-human primates (like monkeys) might harbor the virus and infect people.

The first human case of monkeypox was recorded in 1970. Prior to the 2022 outbreak, monkeypox had been reported in people in several central and western African countries. Previously, almost all monkeypox cases in people outside of Africa ___I___ to international travel to countries where the disease commonly occurs or through imported animals. These cases occurred on multiple continents.

(Adapted from https://www.cdc.gov)

Living Conditions

Living conditions are the circumstances affecting the way people live and this often affects their health. Often, choice of lifestyle in relation to nutrition, physical activity, alcohol and smoking are considered as the main determinants of ___I___ but living conditions are equally important.

The main difference between living conditions and lifestyle is which of these factors are within a person’s area of control.

In 2010, the Commission on the Social Determinants of Health published its final report highlighting the importance of improving living conditions in order to improve overall health. The factors described under living conditions included access to health care and education, quality housing, clean water, sanitation, social protection and universal health care.

(Adapted from https://www.schoolsforhealth.org)

Although women nowadays outnumber men in higher education, they remain strongly underrepresented in math-intensive fields. This underrepresentation is a source of concern for two main reasons: It contributes substantially to gender inequality in the labor market, and it represents a loss of potential talent that could in particular help meeting the growing demand of skills related to the development of information technology and artificial intelligence.

Despite these concerns, the underrepresentation of women in math-intensive fields has remained constant or even increased in most developed countries during the past two decades. This underrepresentation is also more pronounced in more developed countries and in countries that are more gender equal in terms of economic and political opportunities and rights, a pattern that has been named the “gender-equality paradox”.

(Adapted from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)

World Water Day

The first World Water Day was celebrated in 1993. It was first proposed at the United Nations (UN) conference on environment and development in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 and has been celebrated annually ___I___ 22 March since then. Every year the UN releases its World Water Development Report on or around this date. Each year has a different theme, looking at things like the role of clean water in the world of work, ways to stop wasting water, finding ways to supply water to underprivileged groups and so on.

(Disponível em: https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org)